Hydrocarbon burner



Feb. 2, 1943. p, GEA'RHART 2,309,762

I HYDROCARBON BURNER I Filed Feb. 13, 1940 Patented Feb. 2, 1943HYDROCARBON BURNER Glenn D. Gearliart, Washington, D. 0., assignor ofone-fifth to Alfred Accola, Slater, Iowa Application February 13, 1940,Serial No. 318,769

2 Claims.

This invention relates to a hydrocarbon burner, and it is primarily anobject of the invention to provide a burner of this kind which willfunction with rapid combustion without the use of chimney draft.

It is also an object of the invention to provide a burner of this kindwhich is so designed as to substantially eliminate formation of carbondeposits so that the burner will at all times maintain a high state ofefiiciency.

Another object of the invention is to provide a burner of this kindwherein fluid, such as air, is employed under pressure for breaking upthe liquid fuel and carrying the same into the burner head forvaporization.

The invention has for an additional object to provide means wherebyprovision is made for preheated auxiliary air to intermingle with thecharge so that the charge is dry and in the highest state of efficiency.

The invention consists in the details of construction and in thecombination and arrangement of the several parts of my improvedbydrocarbon burner whereby certain important advantages are attained andthe device rendered simpler, less expensive and otherwise moreconvenient and advantageous for use, as will be hereinafter more fullyset forth.

The novel features of my invention will hereinafter be definitelyclaimed.

In order that my invention may be the better understood, I will nowproceed to describe the same with reference to the accompanying drawing,wherein:

Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view with parts in elevationillustrating a hydrocarbon burner constructed in accordance with anembodiment of my invention;

Figure 2 is a fragmentary sectional View taken substantially on the line2'--? of Figure 1 looking in the direction of the arrows.

As disclosed in the accompanying drawing, P denotes a supporting platewhich is adapted to be mounted upon the grate or other holding meanswithin the fire box of a stove, said plate being of any suitablecontour, either circular or rectangular as may be necessary to suit theconditions under which the burner is used and, when in working position,sufficiently elevated with respect to the grate or holding means topermit the desired placement of the burner.

The central portion of the plate P is provided with a relatively largeopening I and overlying the outer portion of this opening I is acontinuous annular plate 2 defining a second relatively large opening 3but, of course, of a diameter materially less than the diameter of theopening I This continuous plate 2 has its outer marginal portionslightly overlying the portion of the plate P immediately adjacent tothe opening I and said plate 2 is provided with a depending rib 4 whichsnugly engages within the opening I whereby the plate 2 is properlymaintained in desired working position.

As is clearly illustrated in the accompanying drawing, the major portionof this plate 2 is within the field of the opening I and carried by thisplate 2 at points preferably equi-distantly spaced therearound are theupstanding air lines 5. In the present embodiment of the invention theseflues 5 are shown as being integral with the plate 2 although I do notwish to be understood as limiting myself in that respect. These fiues 5each has a relatively large bore which extends through the plate 2 forcommunication with the portion of the stove below the applied plate 2for a purpose to be hereinafter more particularly referred to.

A plate 6 is disposed over the opening 3 defined by the plate 2 and themarginal portion of this plate 6 partially overlies the plate 2 wherebythe plate 6 is supported in position. To maintain this plate 2 in itseffective position the same is provided with a depending rib 1 whichsnugly engages within the opening 3. The plate 6 inwardly of but inclose proximity to its margin is provided with an upstanding flange 8whereby such plate 6 may serve as a cup-like member to collect anyexcess flow of oil as will hereinafter be clearly understood. This plate6 has leading therefrom to a suitable point of discharge a drain pipe 9of required diameter.

The central portion of the plate 6 is formed to provide a dependingblock In with its upper face provided with a concave depresison l Iwhich forms a basin as shown. This concave depression H at its axialcenter is further recessed to provide a well 01 sump l2. Formed throughthe block H] is a port It which opens through the center of the bottomof the well or sump l2 and which is adapted to be placed incommunication with a suitable source of air under pressure. Also formedthrough the block [0 is a second or oil port l5 which discharges withinthe well or sump l2 at a point slightly above but in close proximity tothe point of discharge of the air port H. The discharge portion of theport 14 is of a diameter materially less than the diameter of thedischarge end of the port I5. It is of importance to have the dischargeportion of the port I4 restricted to assure the discharge of an airstream under proper velocity.

It is also important that the air port I4 be vertically disposed whenthe unit is in operation and that the outlet end of this port be in aplane perpendicular to the port so that the fuel oil entering the wellor sump I2 from the port I5 will gravitate to the outlet of the port I4and flow evenly around the edge thereof. It is essential in theoperation of the device that the oil be distributed evenly around theoutlet end of the port I4 in order that the proper combustion of the oilmay be obtained. For this reason it is important that the air passage bevertical and that the end edge be perpendicular thereto.

Supported upon the plate 6 by the legs I6 depending therefrom is asleeve IT. The lower end of this sleeve I! has its bore outwardlytapered, as at I8. The legs I6 may be of any desired number but adjacentlegs must, of course, be spaced apart a distance sufficient to permitthe ready passage therebetween of auxiliary air,

The upper end of the sleeve I! is defined by an outstanding andperpendicularly related surrounding flange I9 terminating in anupstanding flange adjacent to the outer margin thereof. This flange 2i!has its top face a disposed on an inward and downward bevel. The flange20 defines a chamber in which is snugly received a spacing member 2|which has its periphery so constructed and arranged to provide aplurality of circumferentially spaced lugs 22. ing member 2| has acentral opening 2I substantially in continuation of the adjacentextremity of the bore of the sleeve IT. The lugs 22 are substantiallycoplanar one with the other and with the member 2|. The lugs 22 arecontinued by the upstanding fingers 23 of desired length and which arereceived within a rabbet 24 surrounding the entrance opening 25 at thelower end of the mixing chamber C. This chamber C is herein disclosed assubstantially spherical in form although I do not wish to be understoodas limiting myself to this particular shape.

It is also to be pointed out that the fingers 23 are of such length asto separate from the upper edge face a of the flange 20 the lower edgeface I) of a flange 26 depending from the mixing chamber C andsurrounding the entrance opening 25 thereof. This space 0 between thefaces a and 1) provides a continuous and uninterrupted slot throughwhich the combustible gas is discharged :1-

for creating the desired flame. As illustrated in the accompanyingdrawing, the edge face I) of the flange 26 is preferably on a bevelcomplemental to the bevel of the edge face a of the flange 20. It isfurther to be pointed out that the under surface 21 of the mixingchamber C immediately adjacent to and surrounding the flange 26 is onsuch an angle to assure effective spreading of the flame.

The connection of the oil port I5 with its source of supply is such asto provide a slow discharge of the oil through the port I5 into the weilor sump I2. The pressure of the air as discharged through the port I4will be dependent upon the amount of oil passing from the discharge endof the port I5. As the ail-stream passes through the orifice of the portI4 it trikes the oil flowing thereto and said stream will carry the oilup through the sleeve I'l into the mixing chamber C where it will begasifled and then This spac- 1 pass out through the continuoussurrounding slot 0. This gas will readily pass between the fingers 23.Of course, in the initial starting of the burner it is necessary topre-heat the chamber C, or more particularly the wall thereof, and thiscan be done by allowing a certain amount of oil to flow through the portI4 and overflow the basin II upon the top surface of the plate 6. Thisinitial oil can be ignited in any manner desired.

The flow of the mixture up from the ports I4 and I5 within the chamber Cand then out through the slot 0 will result in a down draft from theupper ends of the flues 5 and between the supporting legs I6 and upthrough the sleeve I1. In this circulation of this auxiliary air thesame will be pre-heated thus assuring a superheating of the mixture asit passes up through the sleeve II into the chamber C. This is ofimportance as such pre-heating results in expan sion of the mixturewhich increases the combustibility of the gas. It is believed to beobvious that the air passing up through the flues 5 also serves tosupport the combustion for the gases to assure the proper flame.

This drawing of a portion of the auxiliary air into and up through thesleeve I7 is the result of the action of the air stream, which is underpressure, passing upwardly from the port I4 through the sleeve I1. It isalso to be pointed out that the flame at the slot 0 is directed over andclosely adjacent to the upper ends of the flues 5. This is of particularimportance and advantage as by this arrangement of the flame the updraft for the auxiliary air is created through these flues 5.

This application is partly in continuation of my applicatoin Serial No.111,713, filed November 19, 1936.

From the foregoing description it is thought to be obvious that ahydrocarbon burner constructed in accordance with my invention isparticularly well adapted for use by reason of the convenience andfacility with which it may be assembled and operated, and it will alsobe obvious that my invention is susceptible of some change andmodification without departing from the principles and spirit thereofand for this reason I do not wish to be understood as limiting myself tothe precise arrangement and formation of the several parts herein shownin carrying out my invention in practice except as hereinafter claimed.

I claim:

1. A hydrocarbon burner, comprising a .base member having a depressedtop surface forming a basin, said basin having a sump formed at itscenter, the base having two passages formed therethrough, one of whichconstitutes a fuel supply means and opens into the basin at the side ofthe sump, the other passage constituting an air supply means andextending vertically through the member and opening through the bottomof the sump at the lowest part thereof, and said air passage at itsoutlet being restricted to deliver air in the form of a blast, a mixingchamber supported above and spaced from the basin, a sleeve mounted uponthe base member with the lower end thereof spaced from the base member,and a spacing member interposed between the sleeve and the mixingchamber, said spacing member having a plurality of circumferentiallyspaced fingers, said flngers supporting the mixing chamber with thelower end thereof spaced from the adjacent portion of the sleeve wherebya flame slot is provided, said spacing said air passage at its outletbeing restricted to deliver air in the form of a blast, a sleevesupported above the base member and spaced therefrom, a mixing chamber,means for supporting the mixing chamber above the sleeve with the mixingchamber spaced from the sleeve to provide a flame slot, and upstandingflues for auxiliary air positioned around the sleeve outwardly of theslot, the upper ends of said fiues terminating below but in closeproximity to the flame slot.

GLENN D. GEARHART.

